era: 341–270 BC (Hellenistic Greece)
school: Epicureanism
Core Idea: Happiness comes from pleasure and tranquility (and reducing desires)
Epicurus believed that pleasure (hēdonē) is the highest good.
- Temporary pleasures (rich food, luxury, status)
- Lasting pleasure: freedom from physical pain and mental disturbance
Ataraxia - Mental tranquility. Freedom from: anxiety, fear, constant desire
Aponia: freedom from physical pain.
Together, these make up the happiest life.
Epicurus lived in a small community called The Garden.
Epicurus considered friendship one of life’s greatest goods.